Description

FirstLink, a nonprofit organization located in Fargo, North Dakota, is working to prevent suicides in North Dakota and Clay County, Minnesota (located next to the North Dakota border). FirstLink is the designated 2-1-1 provider for the service area. Its Call Specialists answer calls 24/7 and provide confidential listening and information about community resources like financial assistance and support groups. FirstLink also answers the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline (NSPL).

FirstLink also offers the Care and Support program (formerly the Caring Contacts program), in which individuals who are identified as moderate- to high-risk for suicide or are seeking drug or alcohol treatment can receive additional support and connected with available resources. Participants may be referred from partnering clinics and hospitals or when they call through the 211 or NSPL line. The following rural clinics and hospitals partner with FirstLink for care and support follow-up:

• Community Action Partnership (Dickinson)
• Southwestern District Health Unit (Dickinson)
• Elgin Community Clinic (Elgin)
• Jacobson Memorial Hospital Care Center (Elgin)
• Spirit Lake Health Center (Fort Totten)
• Glen Ullin Family Medical Clinic (Elgin)
• Sakakawea Medical Center (Hazen)
• Central Valley Health District (Jamestown)
• Jamestown Regional Medical Center (Jamestown)
• North Dakota State Hospital (Jamestown)
• Northwood Deaconess Health Center (Northwood)
• Wishek Community Hospital and Clinics (Wishek)
• CHI St. Alexius Health (Williston)
• First District Health Unit (multiple locations)
• Northland Community Health Centers (multiple locations)

FirstLink provides this support in collaboration with:

• Essentia Health
• Prairie St. John's
• Sanford Health

In 2016, FirstLink was awarded a SAMHSA Suicide Prevention Lifeline Crisis Center Follow-Up Grant. This grant was used to provide follow-up services to those at-risk individuals within 24 hours of being discharged from Altru Hospital in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and to study further the benefits of follow-up services. When the SAMHSA grant ended, FirstLink continued the program through the help of the North Dakota Department of Human Services and secured additional funding from different healthcare agencies in the region to sustain the program.

Services offered

The Care and Support program is available to those 14 years old or older who have expressed suicidal ideation in the last 24 to 48 hours or those seeking treatment for substance use. These individuals may have called the NSPL (800.273.8255, answered by FirstLink) or the 2-1-1 helpline, or they may have been referred to FirstLink by one of 30 participating healthcare facilities.

These at-risk individuals are given the option to participate in the Care and Support program and receive:

• An initial call from the FirstLink Suicide Support Team within 24 hours or one business day of referral
• Handwritten caring letter(s), which lists helpline numbers
• Ongoing follow-up calls as the participant requests or as need determines

Call Specialists provide the following services through these phone calls:

• Assess adherence to aftercare and provide ongoing assessment of risk
• De-escalate situations and provide crisis intervention when appropriate
• Offer resources and warm referral for treatment
• Provide nonjudgmental listening and empower self-advocacy
• Help participants develop a crisis management/safety plan

Results

The FirstLink 2020 Annual Report lists the following statistics about the Care and Support program:

• 2,251 referrals to the program
• 9,932 calls made to program participants
• 3,209 successful contacts made with participants
• 1,108 caring cards sent to participants

Below are FirstLink's statistics for general services provided in 2020:

• Handled a total of 71,325 contacts
• Gave out 26,761 resources
• Handled 12,838 contacts related to suicide

Callers' top three needs or concerns in 2020 were rent payment assistance, electric service payment assistance, and gas money.

Challenges

One barrier is maintaining funding after a grant has ended in order to sustain the program. Another barrier is change in staff at healthcare facilities. FirstLink works to continue ongoing communication with healthcare facilities so they have the knowledge to refer participants to the program.

Replication

Start by setting guidelines for enrollment criteria and then train crisis center staff on how to recognize and refer callers to the Care and Support program. Ongoing training is essential for the staff making the calls and those making the referrals. Start small; once the staff is comfortable with procedures and enrollment criteria, expand the program.

Staff making contacts have a human services background and are trained in ASIST (Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training) and Mental Health First Aid. Facilities should follow best practices and procedures. FirstLink is accredited by the American Association of Suicidology and the Alliance of Information and Referral Systems. Facilities should have the capability to link the contact to resources in the community to provide multiple levels of care.

Engage healthcare facilities so that they are invested in partnering to screen patients for suicidal ideation and refer appropriate patients to the program:

• Find out who has the power to decide on a partnership
• Talk to the staff working with direct patient care
• Connect with hospital administrators
• Talk to nursing and social work staff
• Be persistent; if your first contact is not interested, talk to someone else

Once the connection is made, establish a designated contact person. Train hospital staff on the benefits of this program, have regular meetings and phone calls with healthcare staff, and provide materials like handouts and posters.

Contact Information

Jennifer Illich, Director of Helpline Operations
FirstLink
701.293.6462
jenniferi@myfirstlink.org