Rural Health
Resources by State: California
States Work to Support Rural Hospitals Despite Pandemic Challenges
Blog post highlighting state-level policies to address and prevent rural hospital closures. Discusses proposals in state legislatures regarding alternative payment methodologies and funding, service delivery models, and the recruitment and retention of a rural healthcare workforce.
Author(s): Beth Giambrone
Date: 04/2021
Sponsoring organization: Association of State and Territorial Health Officials
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Blog post highlighting state-level policies to address and prevent rural hospital closures. Discusses proposals in state legislatures regarding alternative payment methodologies and funding, service delivery models, and the recruitment and retention of a rural healthcare workforce.
Author(s): Beth Giambrone
Date: 04/2021
Sponsoring organization: Association of State and Territorial Health Officials
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Evaluation of the Use of CAH Cohorts for Quality Improvement Activities
Describes how State Flex Programs (SFPs) use cohorts of Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) in quality improvement initiatives. Discusses the benefits and challenges of CAH cohorts, how SFPs are evaluating the impact of these initiatives, and opportunities to enhance the use of cohorts in Flex Program activities. Includes findings from interviews with six SFPs.
Author(s): John Gale, Celia Jewell, Sara Kahn-Troster, Nathan First
Date: 03/2021
Sponsoring organization: Flex Monitoring Team
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Describes how State Flex Programs (SFPs) use cohorts of Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) in quality improvement initiatives. Discusses the benefits and challenges of CAH cohorts, how SFPs are evaluating the impact of these initiatives, and opportunities to enhance the use of cohorts in Flex Program activities. Includes findings from interviews with six SFPs.
Author(s): John Gale, Celia Jewell, Sara Kahn-Troster, Nathan First
Date: 03/2021
Sponsoring organization: Flex Monitoring Team
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Geographic Expansion of Medicaid Managed Care Organizations: Assessing Access to Primary Care in Nonmetropolitan Counties
Presents a study on primary care access for Medicaid beneficiaries in nonmetropolitan counties who were enrolled through managed care organizations (MCOs) from 2012 to 2018. Details the level of access to primary care in the nonmetropolitan counties of 15 states and compares the rates of access for beneficiaries enrolled through MCOs established before 2012 and after 2012. Discusses findings and makes recommendations for policy makers.
Author(s): Linda Li, Matthew Najarian, Abigail R. Barker, et al.
Date: 03/2021
Sponsoring organization: RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis
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Presents a study on primary care access for Medicaid beneficiaries in nonmetropolitan counties who were enrolled through managed care organizations (MCOs) from 2012 to 2018. Details the level of access to primary care in the nonmetropolitan counties of 15 states and compares the rates of access for beneficiaries enrolled through MCOs established before 2012 and after 2012. Discusses findings and makes recommendations for policy makers.
Author(s): Linda Li, Matthew Najarian, Abigail R. Barker, et al.
Date: 03/2021
Sponsoring organization: RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis
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Telehealth Policies Impacting Federally Qualified Health Centers in Face of COVID‐19
Provides an overview of changes to federal, California Medicaid, and private insurer telehealth policies in response to COVID-19. Discusses opportunities and limitations Federally Qualified Health Centers and Rural Health Clinics may face in expanding telehealth services. Offers recommendations for removing barriers for providers in rural and underserved areas.
Author(s): Miku Sodhi
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 37(1), 158-160
Date: 01/2021
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Provides an overview of changes to federal, California Medicaid, and private insurer telehealth policies in response to COVID-19. Discusses opportunities and limitations Federally Qualified Health Centers and Rural Health Clinics may face in expanding telehealth services. Offers recommendations for removing barriers for providers in rural and underserved areas.
Author(s): Miku Sodhi
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 37(1), 158-160
Date: 01/2021
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2021 Rural Border Health Chartbook
Presents statistics on health indicators and social determinants of health in the U.S.-Mexico Border region, offering rural/urban comparisons, comparing self-reported Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic ethnicity, and examining proximity to the border. Covers access to care, use of preventive health services, health-related behaviors, COVID-19, mortality, and American Indian health.
Author(s): Elizabeth Crouch, Rachel Davis, Jan M. Eberth, et al.
Date: 2021
Sponsoring organizations: National Rural Health Association, University of South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
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Presents statistics on health indicators and social determinants of health in the U.S.-Mexico Border region, offering rural/urban comparisons, comparing self-reported Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic ethnicity, and examining proximity to the border. Covers access to care, use of preventive health services, health-related behaviors, COVID-19, mortality, and American Indian health.
Author(s): Elizabeth Crouch, Rachel Davis, Jan M. Eberth, et al.
Date: 2021
Sponsoring organizations: National Rural Health Association, University of South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
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California State Plan on Aging 2021-2025
Offers a 5-year plan for California's Department of Aging (CDA) outlining priorities and objectives, including the state's response to older adults in rural areas. Appendices offer data on the population 60+, specifying minority, non-minority, low-income, geographically isolated, and Medi-Cal eligible elders.
Date: 2021
Sponsoring organization: California Health and Human Services Agency
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Offers a 5-year plan for California's Department of Aging (CDA) outlining priorities and objectives, including the state's response to older adults in rural areas. Appendices offer data on the population 60+, specifying minority, non-minority, low-income, geographically isolated, and Medi-Cal eligible elders.
Date: 2021
Sponsoring organization: California Health and Human Services Agency
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Roadmap for Resilience: The California Surgeon General's Report on Adverse Childhood Experiences, Toxic Stress, and Health
Reports on Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and toxic stress in California, addressing the health impacts of ACEs and stress, economic costs, and public health implications of the issue. Discusses initiatives that increase access to screening and treatment for ACEs in urban, rural, and tribal communities. Explores prevention strategies among public health, social service, early childhood, education, and justice agencies.
Author(s): Devika Bhushan, Krista Kotz, Julianne McCall, et al.
Date: 12/2020
Sponsoring organization: California Office of the Surgeon General
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Reports on Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and toxic stress in California, addressing the health impacts of ACEs and stress, economic costs, and public health implications of the issue. Discusses initiatives that increase access to screening and treatment for ACEs in urban, rural, and tribal communities. Explores prevention strategies among public health, social service, early childhood, education, and justice agencies.
Author(s): Devika Bhushan, Krista Kotz, Julianne McCall, et al.
Date: 12/2020
Sponsoring organization: California Office of the Surgeon General
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Water Safety in California Public Schools Following Implementation of School Drinking Water Policies
Study examining results from a California testing program created to detect lead in charter and public school drinking water. Analyzes factors associated with access to safe drinking water, including differences between rural and urban schools. Features data and statistics indicating whether school water systems were compliant with health standards and whether school drinking water was tested for lead.
Author(s): Isioma L. Umunna, Lauren S. Blacker, Christina E. Hecht, et al.
Citation: Preventing Chronic Disease, 17
Date: 12/2020
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Study examining results from a California testing program created to detect lead in charter and public school drinking water. Analyzes factors associated with access to safe drinking water, including differences between rural and urban schools. Features data and statistics indicating whether school water systems were compliant with health standards and whether school drinking water was tested for lead.
Author(s): Isioma L. Umunna, Lauren S. Blacker, Christina E. Hecht, et al.
Citation: Preventing Chronic Disease, 17
Date: 12/2020
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Cost-Effectiveness of Scaling Up HCV Prevention and Treatment in the United States for People Who Inject Drugs
Highlights the cost-effectiveness of combining medication-assisted treatment (MAT) and syringe-service programs (SSP) with hepatitis C (HCV) treatment for people who inject drugs. Compares services for patients in rural Perry County, KY; and urban San Francisco, CA.
Author(s): Carolina Barbosa, Hannah Fraser, Thomas J. Hoerger, et al.
Citation: Addiction, 114(12), 2267-2278
Date: 12/2020
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Highlights the cost-effectiveness of combining medication-assisted treatment (MAT) and syringe-service programs (SSP) with hepatitis C (HCV) treatment for people who inject drugs. Compares services for patients in rural Perry County, KY; and urban San Francisco, CA.
Author(s): Carolina Barbosa, Hannah Fraser, Thomas J. Hoerger, et al.
Citation: Addiction, 114(12), 2267-2278
Date: 12/2020
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Income Disparities Widen the Gap in Oral Health of California Adults
Policy brief discussing associations between social determinants of health (SDOH) and oral health in California adults using data from the 2017 and 2018 California Health Interview Surveys (CHIS). Describes barriers related to oral health education, literacy, access to care, and oral health screening for low-income populations. Related infographic offers a map of oral health differences by region, noting disparities in rural California counties and data on income and other demographic characteristics.
Additional links: Infographic
Author(s): Nadereh Pourat, Maria Ditter
Date: 11/2020
Sponsoring organization: UCLA Center for Health Policy Research
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Policy brief discussing associations between social determinants of health (SDOH) and oral health in California adults using data from the 2017 and 2018 California Health Interview Surveys (CHIS). Describes barriers related to oral health education, literacy, access to care, and oral health screening for low-income populations. Related infographic offers a map of oral health differences by region, noting disparities in rural California counties and data on income and other demographic characteristics.
Additional links: Infographic
Author(s): Nadereh Pourat, Maria Ditter
Date: 11/2020
Sponsoring organization: UCLA Center for Health Policy Research
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