Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Statistics and data
Examining Trends in Polydrug Overdose Deaths Across Rural Midwest Counties in the United States, 2022 Through 2024
Highlights a study examining the presence of the drug xylazine in postmortem toxicology of drug overdose deaths in rural Minnesota. Breaks down data by county, drugs co-occurring with xylazine, and demographic characteristics of the deceased, among other measures.
Author(s): Bradley R. Ray, Shane Sheets, Patti Constant, et al.
Citation: Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 275, 112832
Date: 10/2025
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Highlights a study examining the presence of the drug xylazine in postmortem toxicology of drug overdose deaths in rural Minnesota. Breaks down data by county, drugs co-occurring with xylazine, and demographic characteristics of the deceased, among other measures.
Author(s): Bradley R. Ray, Shane Sheets, Patti Constant, et al.
Citation: Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 275, 112832
Date: 10/2025
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Oregon Areas of Unmet Health Care Need Report, 2025
Covers nine variables that describe areas of unmet healthcare need in Oregon and measure access to primary care, mental, and oral healthcare services. Areas of unmet need are scored based on variables within the following categories: availability of providers, ability to afford care, and utilization. Includes statistics and county-level information by service areas.
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organization: Oregon Office of Rural Health
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Covers nine variables that describe areas of unmet healthcare need in Oregon and measure access to primary care, mental, and oral healthcare services. Areas of unmet need are scored based on variables within the following categories: availability of providers, ability to afford care, and utilization. Includes statistics and county-level information by service areas.
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organization: Oregon Office of Rural Health
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A Review of Common Limitations in Rural Related Studies in the Peer-Reviewed Literature
Examines rural-focused research studies and their data limitations, such as quality of data, generalizability, numerous rural definitions, outdated data, and more. Reviews 259 research studies published between 2019-2022 in prominent peer-reviewed journals to analyze study characteristics and author-reported limitations.
Author(s): Stephanie M. Mathis, Olivia A. Sullivan, Margaret M. Francisco, et al.
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organization: ETSU/NORC Rural Health Research Center
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Examines rural-focused research studies and their data limitations, such as quality of data, generalizability, numerous rural definitions, outdated data, and more. Reviews 259 research studies published between 2019-2022 in prominent peer-reviewed journals to analyze study characteristics and author-reported limitations.
Author(s): Stephanie M. Mathis, Olivia A. Sullivan, Margaret M. Francisco, et al.
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organization: ETSU/NORC Rural Health Research Center
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Graduate Medical Education (GME) in Arizona Policy Brief, 2025
Provides data on the shortage of resident (GME) physicians in Arizona and discusses policies and funding to improve rural and underserved primary care GME. Includes a map of Primary Care Shortage Areas (HPSAs) at the county level.
Author(s): D Derksen, B Koch, A Garn, L Barraza, L Erdelyi
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organization: Arizona Center for Rural Health
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Provides data on the shortage of resident (GME) physicians in Arizona and discusses policies and funding to improve rural and underserved primary care GME. Includes a map of Primary Care Shortage Areas (HPSAs) at the county level.
Author(s): D Derksen, B Koch, A Garn, L Barraza, L Erdelyi
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organization: Arizona Center for Rural Health
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Medications for Opioid Use Disorder among Adults Who Had an Opioid Use Disorder
Offers data on adults receiving medications for opioid use disorder between 2022 and 2024 by age, sex, region, and metropolitan county status.
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organization: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
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Offers data on adults receiving medications for opioid use disorder between 2022 and 2024 by age, sex, region, and metropolitan county status.
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organization: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
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Substance Use Disorder in the Past Year
Offers data on substance use disorder between 2022 and 2024. Includes break down of use for adults and adolescents between 12 and 17 by various demographic and geographic factors including 5 levels of urbanization.
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organizations: Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
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Offers data on substance use disorder between 2022 and 2024. Includes break down of use for adults and adolescents between 12 and 17 by various demographic and geographic factors including 5 levels of urbanization.
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organizations: Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
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Difficulties in Functioning Among Children in the United States: 2021–2023
Offers data on children with difficulties in functioning between 2021 and 2023. Domains investigated include seeing, hearing, walking, communication, behavior, learning, fine motor, playing, self-care, remembering, concentrating, coping with change, relationships, and affect. Includes comparison by 4 levels of urbanization.
Author(s): Julie D. Weeks, Jennifer H. Madans, Lindsey I. Black, Nazik Elgaddal, Benjamin Zablotsky
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organization: National Center for Health Statistics
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Offers data on children with difficulties in functioning between 2021 and 2023. Domains investigated include seeing, hearing, walking, communication, behavior, learning, fine motor, playing, self-care, remembering, concentrating, coping with change, relationships, and affect. Includes comparison by 4 levels of urbanization.
Author(s): Julie D. Weeks, Jennifer H. Madans, Lindsey I. Black, Nazik Elgaddal, Benjamin Zablotsky
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organization: National Center for Health Statistics
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Income in the United States: 2024
Reports on income levels for 2023 and 2024, along with the percent change from 2022 to 2023. Includes statistics for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. Based on data from the 2025 and earlier Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Author(s): Melissa Kollar, Zach Sherer
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organization: U.S. Census Bureau
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Reports on income levels for 2023 and 2024, along with the percent change from 2022 to 2023. Includes statistics for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. Based on data from the 2025 and earlier Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Author(s): Melissa Kollar, Zach Sherer
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organization: U.S. Census Bureau
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Poverty in the United States: 2024
Reports on poverty rates for 2023 and 2024, including changes in official poverty and changes in the Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) rate. Includes statistics for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. Based on data from the 2025and earlier Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Author(s): Emily A. Shrider, Christina Bijou
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organization: U.S. Census Bureau
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Reports on poverty rates for 2023 and 2024, including changes in official poverty and changes in the Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) rate. Includes statistics for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. Based on data from the 2025and earlier Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Author(s): Emily A. Shrider, Christina Bijou
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organization: U.S. Census Bureau
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Marijuana Use or Opioid Misuse in the Past Year
Highlights data on marijuana and opioid use between 2022 and 2024. Includes break down of use for adults and adolescents between 12 and 17 by various demographic and geographic factors including 5 levels of urbanization.
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organizations: Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
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Highlights data on marijuana and opioid use between 2022 and 2024. Includes break down of use for adults and adolescents between 12 and 17 by various demographic and geographic factors including 5 levels of urbanization.
Date: 09/2025
Sponsoring organizations: Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
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