Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Healthcare business and finance
Drive Time to Care and Retention in HIV Care: Rural–Urban Differences Among Medicaid Enrollees in the United States South
Presents a study on the role geography plays in HIV care retention and maintenance. Draws data from Medicaid enrollees in 13 southern states including the District of Columbia and compares patient drive times to care in rural and urban areas. Breaks down data by county social determinants of health, healthcare supply, and HIV prevalence, as well as patient characteristics.
Author(s): April D. Kimmel, Rose S. Bono, Zhongzhe Pan, et al.
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 41(1), e12877
Date: 2025
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Presents a study on the role geography plays in HIV care retention and maintenance. Draws data from Medicaid enrollees in 13 southern states including the District of Columbia and compares patient drive times to care in rural and urban areas. Breaks down data by county social determinants of health, healthcare supply, and HIV prevalence, as well as patient characteristics.
Author(s): April D. Kimmel, Rose S. Bono, Zhongzhe Pan, et al.
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 41(1), e12877
Date: 2025
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The Uneven Impact of Medicaid Expansion on Rural and Urban Black, Latino/a, and White Mortality
Examines mortality rates and the corresponding impact of Medicaid expansion on Black, Latino/a, and White populations, broken down by rural versus urban location. Utilizes 2009-2019 data of Average Treatment Effect on the Treated (ATET) estimates to provide statistical breakdowns and graphic representation of how Medicaid expansion has impacted mortality rates for varying populations.
Author(s): J. Tom Mueller, Regina S. Baker, Matthew M. Brooks
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 41(1), e12859
Date: 2025
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Examines mortality rates and the corresponding impact of Medicaid expansion on Black, Latino/a, and White populations, broken down by rural versus urban location. Utilizes 2009-2019 data of Average Treatment Effect on the Treated (ATET) estimates to provide statistical breakdowns and graphic representation of how Medicaid expansion has impacted mortality rates for varying populations.
Author(s): J. Tom Mueller, Regina S. Baker, Matthew M. Brooks
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 41(1), e12859
Date: 2025
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Rural Hospitals: Community Cornerstones Face Perilous Threats to Care
Infographic presenting data regarding the importance of rural hospitals to their communities. Includes information on workforce and financial challenges experienced by rural hospitals, as well as the impact of hospital closures on access to care. Provides recommendations on actions to support rural hospitals and communities.
Date: 2025
Sponsoring organization: American Hospital Association
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Infographic presenting data regarding the importance of rural hospitals to their communities. Includes information on workforce and financial challenges experienced by rural hospitals, as well as the impact of hospital closures on access to care. Provides recommendations on actions to support rural hospitals and communities.
Date: 2025
Sponsoring organization: American Hospital Association
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Rural Health Potentially Avoidable Utilization (PAU) Dashboard
Interactive dashboard providing information on potentially avoidable utilization at rural hospitals based Medicare fee-for-service inpatient and outpatient claims data from 2024. Includes data on admissions for ambulatory care sensitive conditions, hospital readmissions, and potentially avoidable emergency department visits.
Date: 2025
Sponsoring organization: Mathematica
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Interactive dashboard providing information on potentially avoidable utilization at rural hospitals based Medicare fee-for-service inpatient and outpatient claims data from 2024. Includes data on admissions for ambulatory care sensitive conditions, hospital readmissions, and potentially avoidable emergency department visits.
Date: 2025
Sponsoring organization: Mathematica
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Impact of Public Health Emergency Unwinding on Medicaid Disenrollment Rates in Rural America
Policy brief discussing Medicaid unwinding and redetermination after the COVID-19 public health emergency (PHE) and its potential impacts on rural populations. Offers policy and action recommendations to address the possible consequences of Medicaid unwinding on rural populations and providers.
Author(s): Laura Mispelon, Rachael Sherard
Date: 12/2024
Sponsoring organization: National Rural Health Association
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Policy brief discussing Medicaid unwinding and redetermination after the COVID-19 public health emergency (PHE) and its potential impacts on rural populations. Offers policy and action recommendations to address the possible consequences of Medicaid unwinding on rural populations and providers.
Author(s): Laura Mispelon, Rachael Sherard
Date: 12/2024
Sponsoring organization: National Rural Health Association
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Rural Independent Pharmacies Sustainability Strategy
Policy brief discussing unique challenges that threaten the stability of rural independent pharmacies. Offers policy recommendations to support rural independent pharmacies.
Author(s): Sagar Dugani, Vistrit Choudhary, Brian G. Williams
Date: 12/2024
Sponsoring organization: National Rural Health Association
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Policy brief discussing unique challenges that threaten the stability of rural independent pharmacies. Offers policy recommendations to support rural independent pharmacies.
Author(s): Sagar Dugani, Vistrit Choudhary, Brian G. Williams
Date: 12/2024
Sponsoring organization: National Rural Health Association
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Bridging the Gap: A Policy Framework for Sustainable Community Paramedicine in Rural America
Policy brief regarding the need for a national policy for non-physician licensed healthcare providers to be reimbursed for community paramedicine services. Discusses the role of community paramedicine in expanding access to care in rural areas and describes four community paramedicine models. Offers policy recommendations related to recognizing, supporting, and reimbursing community paramedicine programs.
Author(s): Katie Gorndt, Kimberly Haverly, Tom Syverson
Date: 12/2024
Sponsoring organization: National Rural Health Association
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Policy brief regarding the need for a national policy for non-physician licensed healthcare providers to be reimbursed for community paramedicine services. Discusses the role of community paramedicine in expanding access to care in rural areas and describes four community paramedicine models. Offers policy recommendations related to recognizing, supporting, and reimbursing community paramedicine programs.
Author(s): Katie Gorndt, Kimberly Haverly, Tom Syverson
Date: 12/2024
Sponsoring organization: National Rural Health Association
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Obstetric Care Access at Rural and Urban Hospitals in the United States
Offers data showing losses and gains of obstetric care for 4,964 short-term acute care hospitals between 2010 and 2022. Offers comparisons of rural and urban hospitals.
Author(s): Katy B. Kozhimannil, Julia D. Interrante, Caitlin Carroll, et al.
Date: 12/2024
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Offers data showing losses and gains of obstetric care for 4,964 short-term acute care hospitals between 2010 and 2022. Offers comparisons of rural and urban hospitals.
Author(s): Katy B. Kozhimannil, Julia D. Interrante, Caitlin Carroll, et al.
Date: 12/2024
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CMS Office of Minority Health: Health Equity Data Book
Provides data on disparities in participation in Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) programs, including data on demographics of covered individuals, chronic conditions, behavioral health conditions, and social determinants of health. Contains rural data for select programs.
Date: 12/2024
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
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Provides data on disparities in participation in Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) programs, including data on demographics of covered individuals, chronic conditions, behavioral health conditions, and social determinants of health. Contains rural data for select programs.
Date: 12/2024
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
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2024 National Preparedness Report
Summarizes progress made and challenges that remain in building and sustaining capabilities needed to prevent and recover from threats and incidents that pose the greatest risk to the nation. Covers calendar year 2023 and places particular emphasis on mass care services, public information and warning, infrastructure systems, and cybersecurity. Mentions rural throughout, and discusses rural hospital closures and rural residents' unreliable access to medical care during disasters.
Date: 12/2024
Sponsoring organization: Federal Emergency Management Agency
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Summarizes progress made and challenges that remain in building and sustaining capabilities needed to prevent and recover from threats and incidents that pose the greatest risk to the nation. Covers calendar year 2023 and places particular emphasis on mass care services, public information and warning, infrastructure systems, and cybersecurity. Mentions rural throughout, and discusses rural hospital closures and rural residents' unreliable access to medical care during disasters.
Date: 12/2024
Sponsoring organization: Federal Emergency Management Agency
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