Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Hospitals
FY 2025 Hospital Inpatient Prospective Payment System (IPPS) and Long-Term Care Hospital Prospective Payment System (LTCH PPS) Final Rule – CMS-1808-F
Fact sheet providing an overview of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) fiscal year 2025 hospital inpatient prospective payment system (IPPS) and long-term care hospital prospective payment system (LTCH PPS) final rule. Includes information about the extension of the low-wage index hospital policy, a separate IPPS payment for small and independent hospitals to establish and maintain a buffer stock of essential medicines, the distribution of graduate medical education (GME) residency slots, updates to quality reporting programs, and more.
Date: 08/2024
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
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Fact sheet providing an overview of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) fiscal year 2025 hospital inpatient prospective payment system (IPPS) and long-term care hospital prospective payment system (LTCH PPS) final rule. Includes information about the extension of the low-wage index hospital policy, a separate IPPS payment for small and independent hospitals to establish and maintain a buffer stock of essential medicines, the distribution of graduate medical education (GME) residency slots, updates to quality reporting programs, and more.
Date: 08/2024
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
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Performance of Health Care Service Area Definitions for Capturing Variation in Inpatient Care and Social Determinants of Health
Examines various health care service area (HCSA) definitions and their ability to capture hospitalizations and social determinants of health (SDOH) heterogeneity in the patient population. Provides descriptive characteristics for each HCSA type, such as median population and land size, as well as characteristics of the hospital sample. Discusses which HCSA type was best able to capture hospital discharges and population heterogenity in rural areas.
Author(s): Hannah Crook, Manuel Horta, Kenneth A. Michelson, John A. Graves
Citation: Health Services Research, 59(4)
Date: 08/2024
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Examines various health care service area (HCSA) definitions and their ability to capture hospitalizations and social determinants of health (SDOH) heterogeneity in the patient population. Provides descriptive characteristics for each HCSA type, such as median population and land size, as well as characteristics of the hospital sample. Discusses which HCSA type was best able to capture hospital discharges and population heterogenity in rural areas.
Author(s): Hannah Crook, Manuel Horta, Kenneth A. Michelson, John A. Graves
Citation: Health Services Research, 59(4)
Date: 08/2024
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Structural Determinants of Health: Hospitals' Unequal Capital Investments Drive Health Inequities
Examines hospitals' capital investments as a structural factor influencing disparities in patient safety and quality of care at hospitals in the United States. Analyzes topics including hospital economics, federal policy, funding, hospital infrastructure, and more. See Section 5 in particular for discussion of rural hospitals.
Author(s): Eileen Appelbaum, Emma Curchin, Rosemary Batt
Date: 07/2024
Sponsoring organization: Center for Economic and Policy Research (CEPR)
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Examines hospitals' capital investments as a structural factor influencing disparities in patient safety and quality of care at hospitals in the United States. Analyzes topics including hospital economics, federal policy, funding, hospital infrastructure, and more. See Section 5 in particular for discussion of rural hospitals.
Author(s): Eileen Appelbaum, Emma Curchin, Rosemary Batt
Date: 07/2024
Sponsoring organization: Center for Economic and Policy Research (CEPR)
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Health Care Artificial Intelligence Toolkit
Guide designed to help community health clinics and rural hospitals navigate information regarding artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare. Discusses foundational considerations, governance for AI applications, and steps to assess and mitigate discriminatory impacts of AI systems in healthcare. Includes an AI tool vendor evaluation checklist for community health clinics and Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs).
Date: 07/2024
Sponsoring organization: California Telehealth Resource Center
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Guide designed to help community health clinics and rural hospitals navigate information regarding artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare. Discusses foundational considerations, governance for AI applications, and steps to assess and mitigate discriminatory impacts of AI systems in healthcare. Includes an AI tool vendor evaluation checklist for community health clinics and Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs).
Date: 07/2024
Sponsoring organization: California Telehealth Resource Center
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The Future of Acute Hospital Care at Home
Describes the Acute Hospital Care at Home (AHCAH) model and explores barriers to participation including rural-specific concerns. Offers current and future policy reform recommendations related to rural hospital participation and flexibilities.
Author(s): Lisa Harootunian, Kamryn Perry, Allison Buffett, et al.
Date: 07/2024
Sponsoring organization: Bipartisan Policy Center
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Describes the Acute Hospital Care at Home (AHCAH) model and explores barriers to participation including rural-specific concerns. Offers current and future policy reform recommendations related to rural hospital participation and flexibilities.
Author(s): Lisa Harootunian, Kamryn Perry, Allison Buffett, et al.
Date: 07/2024
Sponsoring organization: Bipartisan Policy Center
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Illinois Homelessness Mortality and Morbidity Report 2017-2022
Provides a statistical overview of homelessness in Illinois from 2017-2022, with a focus on mortality, morbidity, and hospital utilization. Includes data by Illinois region and rural versus urban county, as well as by population groups, such as veterans, widows, rural residents, and more.
Additional links: Executive Summary
Author(s): Dana Madigan, Hannah Matzke, Lee Friedman
Date: 07/2024
Sponsoring organization: Illinois Department of Public Health
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Provides a statistical overview of homelessness in Illinois from 2017-2022, with a focus on mortality, morbidity, and hospital utilization. Includes data by Illinois region and rural versus urban county, as well as by population groups, such as veterans, widows, rural residents, and more.
Additional links: Executive Summary
Author(s): Dana Madigan, Hannah Matzke, Lee Friedman
Date: 07/2024
Sponsoring organization: Illinois Department of Public Health
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Rural & Safety Net Health Facilities in Arizona
Map of Arizona's Critical Access Hospitals, Indian Health Service and Tribal Facilities, Rural Health Clinics, and Federally Qualified Health Centers.
Date: 07/2024
Sponsoring organization: Arizona Center for Rural Health
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Map of Arizona's Critical Access Hospitals, Indian Health Service and Tribal Facilities, Rural Health Clinics, and Federally Qualified Health Centers.
Date: 07/2024
Sponsoring organization: Arizona Center for Rural Health
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Arkansas Hospitals, 2024
Map of Arkansas identifying the name and location of acute care hospitals, Critical Access Hospitals, and Rural Emergency Hospitals.
Date: 07/2024
Sponsoring organizations: Arkansas Center for Health Statistics, Arkansas Department of Health
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Map of Arkansas identifying the name and location of acute care hospitals, Critical Access Hospitals, and Rural Emergency Hospitals.
Date: 07/2024
Sponsoring organizations: Arkansas Center for Health Statistics, Arkansas Department of Health
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Economic Role of Oklahoma Hospitals: Industry Profile & Economic Impacts
Reports on the economic impact of hospitals in Oklahoma, including data on revenue, hospital-supported jobs, direct wages, and more. See pages 10-11 for discussion of rural hospital access disparities.
Date: 07/2024
Sponsoring organization: Oklahoma Hospital Association
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Reports on the economic impact of hospitals in Oklahoma, including data on revenue, hospital-supported jobs, direct wages, and more. See pages 10-11 for discussion of rural hospital access disparities.
Date: 07/2024
Sponsoring organization: Oklahoma Hospital Association
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The Low-Volume Hospital Adjustment Before and During COVID-19
Describes characteristics of rural low-volume hospitals (LVHs) between April 2018 and March 2022. Compares the characteristics and profitability of rural LVHs with other rural prospective payment system (PPS) hospitals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Presents data on LVH profitability margins with and without the LVH payment adjustment.
Author(s): Emmaline Keesee, Susie Gurzenda, Kristie Thompson, George Pink
Date: 07/2024
Sponsoring organization: North Carolina Rural Health Research Program
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Describes characteristics of rural low-volume hospitals (LVHs) between April 2018 and March 2022. Compares the characteristics and profitability of rural LVHs with other rural prospective payment system (PPS) hospitals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Presents data on LVH profitability margins with and without the LVH payment adjustment.
Author(s): Emmaline Keesee, Susie Gurzenda, Kristie Thompson, George Pink
Date: 07/2024
Sponsoring organization: North Carolina Rural Health Research Program
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