Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Mortality

Eliminating Tobacco-Related Disease and Death: Addressing Disparities - A Report of the Surgeon General
Report explores disparities in tobacco use and tobacco use-related health outcomes. Identifies tobacco-related disparities and the various demographic groups that still use tobacco products at a higher rate than the national average, such as people below the poverty level, workers in manual labor or service industry jobs, and people who live in rural communities, among others. Highlights strategies for curtailing the expansion of tobacco use and details promising interventions for reducing tobacco-related health disparities.
Additional links: Executive Summary, Full Report
Date: 11/2024
Sponsoring organization: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
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Migration Continues to Sustain Population Gains in Rural America
Explores the effect of migration on the population growth in rural parts of the country from 2020 to 2023. Discusses the population losses in rural areas due to deaths caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and highlights pandemic-driven early retirement and remote work as factors facilitating migration to rural areas.
Author(s): Kenneth Johnson
Date: 11/2024
Sponsoring organization: Carsey School of Public Policy
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Care Patterns and Outcomes for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma by Rurality of Patient Residence in a Midwestern State
Examines mortality, treatment utilization, and access to care for people with intraheptic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) in rural, micropolitan, and urban areas, utilizing Iowa Cancer Registry data for 672 patients diagnosed with ICC between 2010 and 2020. Provides data breakdowns by level of rurality on patient demographics, distance to care, type of facility providing care, mortality, and odds of receiving surgery or chemotherapy.
Author(s): Mohammed O. Suraju, Darren M. Gordon, Amanda R. Kahl, et al.
Citation: Journal of Surgical Oncology, 131(3), 450-456
Date: 10/2024
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Changing Dynamics in the Opioid Crisis Since the COVID-19 Pandemic
Examines trends in the opioid crisis during the 2019-2022 COVID-19 pandemic period. Includes data on drug types and overdose deaths by age, state, and urbanization that includes non-metro locations.
Author(s): Colin Planalp, Andrea Stewart
Date: 10/2024
Sponsoring organization: State Health Access Data Assistance Center
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Demographic-Based Disparities in Outcomes for Adults with Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections in the United States: A National Inpatient Sample Database Study (2016–2020)
Analyzes cost, length of stay, and mortality for hospitalized adults with central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI), utilizing 2016-2020 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) data. Provides data on differences in care conditions by race and ethnicity, region, and rural versus urban location and teaching versus non-teaching hospital status.
Author(s): Marie Dix, Troy Belleville, Anjali Mishra, et al.
Citation: Frontiers in Medicine, 11
Date: 10/2024
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Disparities in Infectious Disease-Related Health Care Utilization Between Medicaid-Enrolled American Indians and Non-Hispanic Whites—Lessons from the First 16 months of Coronavirus Disease 2019 and a Decade of Flu Seasons
Analyzes mortality and healthcare utilization disparities between American Indian and Alaskan Native (AIAN) and non-Hispanic White populations related to influenza-like-illness (ILI) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Utilizes 2009-2021 New York Medicaid claims data, comparing pre-COVID-19 data to 4 time periods during the COVID-19 pandemic. Includes data breakdowns according to respiratory illness type, health outcomes, race/ethnicity, and rural versus nonrural county.
Author(s): Scarlett Sijia Wang, Randall Akee, Emilia Simeonova, Sherry Glied
Citation: Health Services Research, 60(1)
Date: 10/2024
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Adults Aged 25–54 in Rural Areas Had Increase in Mortality Rates in Recent Decades
Bar chart showing rural and urban changes in natural-cause and external-cause mortality rates among prime working-age adults (aged 25 to 54), comparing 1999–2001 and 2017–2019.
Date: 10/2024
Sponsoring organization: USDA Economic Research Service
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Rural Hospital Performance in Guideline-Recommended Ischemic Stroke Thrombolysis, Secondary Prevention, and Outcomes
Examines the performance of rural versus urban stroke center and non-stroke center hospitals in delivering guideline-recommended ischemic stroke thrombolysis, providing secondary prevention, and producing favorable outcomes among patients treated for acute ischemic stroke. Utilizes 2017-2019 Get With the Guidelines-Stroke hospital data of 692,839 patients.
Author(s): Shumei Man, David Bruckman, Ken Uchino, et al.
Citation: Stroke, 55(10), 2472-2481
Date: 09/2024
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Socioeconomic and Urban-Rural Disparities in Genome-Matched Treatment Receipt and Survival after Genomic Tumor Testing
Analyzes social advantage in cancer treatment and the relationship to genome-matched treatment and survival rate. Utilizes data from 1,258 patients participating in the Maine Cancer Genomics Initiative with breakdowns according to education, income, and urban, large rural, or small/isolated rural location.
Author(s): Jessica F. DiBiase, Elizabeth Scharnetzki, Emily Edelman, et al.
Citation: JNCI Cancer Spectrum, 8(5)
Date: 09/2024
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Evaluation of Mortality Rate Disparities for Cardiac Arrest Between Urban and Rural Cohorts in the United States Using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) Database
Examines trends in cardiac arrest mortality for rural and urban populations, utilizing 1999-2020 CDC WONDER data. Includes data on deaths by age group, sex, and race and ethnicity.
Author(s): Shamsul Arefin, Amruth A. Alluri, Mousumi Barua, Tirth M. Patel, Salini Krishnarao Kandhalu
Citation: Cureus, 16(9), e68803
Date: 09/2024
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