Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Health workforce supply and demand
Private Health Insurance: State and Federal Oversight of Provider Networks Varies
Describes oversight responsibilities for the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid, the Department of Labor, and state governments for ensuring adequate private health insurance plans and provider networks. Examines processes for determining adequacy through surveys and interviews with stakeholders from state agencies and medical association groups as well as a review of relevant laws and regulations. Outlines factors for inadequacy including health workforce shortages and distance from in-network services in rural areas.
Additional links: Full Report
Date: 12/2022
Sponsoring organization: Government Accountability Office
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Describes oversight responsibilities for the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid, the Department of Labor, and state governments for ensuring adequate private health insurance plans and provider networks. Examines processes for determining adequacy through surveys and interviews with stakeholders from state agencies and medical association groups as well as a review of relevant laws and regulations. Outlines factors for inadequacy including health workforce shortages and distance from in-network services in rural areas.
Additional links: Full Report
Date: 12/2022
Sponsoring organization: Government Accountability Office
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Staffing Crisis Casts Shadow Over Vulnerable Rural Communities: Executive Summary
Summarizes key findings from a series of surveys of rural hospital leaders conducted in 2021 and 2022 regarding staffing shortages. Discusses COVID-19 vaccination and exemptions, nursing shortages and the impact on access to care, and the effectiveness of recruiting incentives on attracting staff.
Author(s): Michael Topchik, Troy Brown, Melanie Pinette, Billy Balfour, Ana Wiesse
Date: 12/2022
Sponsoring organization: The Chartis Group
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Summarizes key findings from a series of surveys of rural hospital leaders conducted in 2021 and 2022 regarding staffing shortages. Discusses COVID-19 vaccination and exemptions, nursing shortages and the impact on access to care, and the effectiveness of recruiting incentives on attracting staff.
Author(s): Michael Topchik, Troy Brown, Melanie Pinette, Billy Balfour, Ana Wiesse
Date: 12/2022
Sponsoring organization: The Chartis Group
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Virginia Community Services Boards Behavioral Health Services: 2022
Report on activities of Virginia's Community Services Boards (CSBs), the state's primary mechanism for providing publicly funded behavioral health services in local communities. Includes a section on CSBs' role in providing services to rural areas. Features statistics on numbers of substance use disorder and mental health consumers, with breakdowns by urban and rural CSBs.
Date: 12/2022
Sponsoring organization: Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission
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Report on activities of Virginia's Community Services Boards (CSBs), the state's primary mechanism for providing publicly funded behavioral health services in local communities. Includes a section on CSBs' role in providing services to rural areas. Features statistics on numbers of substance use disorder and mental health consumers, with breakdowns by urban and rural CSBs.
Date: 12/2022
Sponsoring organization: Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission
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Addressing Behavioral Health Workforce Needs in Kansas
Examines the behavioral health workforce in Kansas by age and rural versus urban geographic distribution. Includes data on population to provider ratios for psychiatrists and licensed special clinical social workers (LSCSWs). Discusses strategies to reduce behavioral workforce shortages such as the utilization of telehealth.
Author(s): Cynthia Snyder, Angela Wu, Hina B. Shah, Wen-Chieh Lin
Date: 12/2022
Sponsoring organization: Kansas Health Institute
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Examines the behavioral health workforce in Kansas by age and rural versus urban geographic distribution. Includes data on population to provider ratios for psychiatrists and licensed special clinical social workers (LSCSWs). Discusses strategies to reduce behavioral workforce shortages such as the utilization of telehealth.
Author(s): Cynthia Snyder, Angela Wu, Hina B. Shah, Wen-Chieh Lin
Date: 12/2022
Sponsoring organization: Kansas Health Institute
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State Strategies to Support the Future of the Primary Care Physician and Nursing Workforce
Discusses primary care physician and nursing workforce challenges, including the shortage of these providers in rural and underserved areas. Describes policies and strategies implemented by states to address these challenges. Offers resources for states, health systems, and academic institutions exploring innovative strategies to address healthcare workforce challenges.
Author(s): Elaine Chhean, Anita Cardwell, Lauren Block, Sarah Tocher
Date: 12/2022
Sponsoring organization: National Academy for State Health Policy
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Discusses primary care physician and nursing workforce challenges, including the shortage of these providers in rural and underserved areas. Describes policies and strategies implemented by states to address these challenges. Offers resources for states, health systems, and academic institutions exploring innovative strategies to address healthcare workforce challenges.
Author(s): Elaine Chhean, Anita Cardwell, Lauren Block, Sarah Tocher
Date: 12/2022
Sponsoring organization: National Academy for State Health Policy
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Health Care Access in the Heartland: How to Improve Services in Rural America
Outlines strategies policymakers and community leaders in rural America can use to improve healthcare access and services. Combines data analysis of county demographics and health data with focus groups in Arkansas, Kansas, Kentucky, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Tennessee. Provides expert interviews to better understand healthcare access in rural communities.
Author(s): Darren Chapman, Angie Cooper, Elizabeth Dombowsky, et al.
Date: 12/2022
Sponsoring organization: Heartland Forward
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Outlines strategies policymakers and community leaders in rural America can use to improve healthcare access and services. Combines data analysis of county demographics and health data with focus groups in Arkansas, Kansas, Kentucky, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Tennessee. Provides expert interviews to better understand healthcare access in rural communities.
Author(s): Darren Chapman, Angie Cooper, Elizabeth Dombowsky, et al.
Date: 12/2022
Sponsoring organization: Heartland Forward
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VA Training Program Contributions: Evaluation of Indianapolis Veterans' Affairs Medical Center Training Contributions to the State of Indiana
Provides information and data on health professionals trained at Veterans' Affairs (VA) facilities. Discuses VA investments, impacts on the Indiana health workforce, and the geographic distribution of VA health professional trainees (HPTs), including population to physician ratios.
Author(s): Courtney Medlock, Mykayla Tobin, Hannah Maxey, et al.
Date: 11/2022
Sponsoring organization: Bowen Center for Health Workforce Research and Policy
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Provides information and data on health professionals trained at Veterans' Affairs (VA) facilities. Discuses VA investments, impacts on the Indiana health workforce, and the geographic distribution of VA health professional trainees (HPTs), including population to physician ratios.
Author(s): Courtney Medlock, Mykayla Tobin, Hannah Maxey, et al.
Date: 11/2022
Sponsoring organization: Bowen Center for Health Workforce Research and Policy
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The Nursing Shortage and its Consequences in Rural Virginia
Policy brief exploring the statewide nursing shortage in Virginia, with a focus on rural areas. Offers insights into the cause of the crisis as well as areas for improvement. Features statistics on the number of healthcare workers who left their jobs from 2000-2022, leading to an overall healthcare workforce shortage.
Author(s): Sety Abooali
Date: 11/2022
Sponsoring organization: West Virginia State Office of Rural Health
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Policy brief exploring the statewide nursing shortage in Virginia, with a focus on rural areas. Offers insights into the cause of the crisis as well as areas for improvement. Features statistics on the number of healthcare workers who left their jobs from 2000-2022, leading to an overall healthcare workforce shortage.
Author(s): Sety Abooali
Date: 11/2022
Sponsoring organization: West Virginia State Office of Rural Health
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Indiana's Behavioral Health Workforce Report Series: Psychiatrists and Psychiatric APRNs
Information on 2021 demographics, education and practice characteristics, and distribution of Indiana physicians and Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs) who report having a practice specialty in psychiatry. Includes a county-level map showing geographic distribution of psychiatrists, with shadings indicating counties that are Mental Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSAs).
Date: 11/2022
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Information on 2021 demographics, education and practice characteristics, and distribution of Indiana physicians and Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs) who report having a practice specialty in psychiatry. Includes a county-level map showing geographic distribution of psychiatrists, with shadings indicating counties that are Mental Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSAs).
Date: 11/2022
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Who Will Care for Rural Older Adults? Measuring the Direct Care Workforce in Rural Areas
Policy brief examining existing disparities in the supply of home health aides and nursing assistants in rural areas compared to urban areas. Features statistics on the ratio of home health aides and nursing assistants relative to the population of adults age 65 and above, with breakdowns by urban and rural areas and by census region.
Author(s): Janette Dill, Carrie Henning-Smith, Rongxuan Zhu, Elizabeth Vomacka
Date: 11/2022
Sponsoring organization: University of Minnesota Rural Health Research Center
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Policy brief examining existing disparities in the supply of home health aides and nursing assistants in rural areas compared to urban areas. Features statistics on the ratio of home health aides and nursing assistants relative to the population of adults age 65 and above, with breakdowns by urban and rural areas and by census region.
Author(s): Janette Dill, Carrie Henning-Smith, Rongxuan Zhu, Elizabeth Vomacka
Date: 11/2022
Sponsoring organization: University of Minnesota Rural Health Research Center
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