Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Mortality
Inequities in Availability of Evidence-Based Birth Supports to Improve Perinatal Health for Socially Vulnerable Rural Residents
Examines the social risk factors rural residents face related to maternal and infant mortality. Utilizes data from 285 rural hospitals across the United States that have inpatient birthing centers to measure the availability of maternal and postpartum supports such as breastfeeding support groups, nurse home visiting, childbirth education classes, and more. Evaluates each hospital's social vulnerability index (SVI) on the county-level to determine the level of birth support inequities in rural areas and for residents who are Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC).
Author(s): Bridget Basile Ibrahim, Julia D. Interrante, Alyssa H. Fritz, Mariana S. Tuttle, Katy Backes Kozhimannil
Citation: Children, 9(7), 1077
Date: 07/2022
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Examines the social risk factors rural residents face related to maternal and infant mortality. Utilizes data from 285 rural hospitals across the United States that have inpatient birthing centers to measure the availability of maternal and postpartum supports such as breastfeeding support groups, nurse home visiting, childbirth education classes, and more. Evaluates each hospital's social vulnerability index (SVI) on the county-level to determine the level of birth support inequities in rural areas and for residents who are Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC).
Author(s): Bridget Basile Ibrahim, Julia D. Interrante, Alyssa H. Fritz, Mariana S. Tuttle, Katy Backes Kozhimannil
Citation: Children, 9(7), 1077
Date: 07/2022
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Life Expectancy Loss Among Native Americans During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Results of a study providing estimates of loss of life expectancy in 2020 and 2021 relative to 2019 for the Native American population. Features statistics including ratio of Native American to White mortality rates in 2020 and 2021, estimates of life expectancy and losses in life expectancy for the Native American population from 2019-2021, and life expectancy at birth and at age 65 with breakdowns by race.
Author(s): Noreen Goldman, Theresa Andrasfay
Citation: Demographic Research, 47(9), 233-246
Date: 07/2022
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Results of a study providing estimates of loss of life expectancy in 2020 and 2021 relative to 2019 for the Native American population. Features statistics including ratio of Native American to White mortality rates in 2020 and 2021, estimates of life expectancy and losses in life expectancy for the Native American population from 2019-2021, and life expectancy at birth and at age 65 with breakdowns by race.
Author(s): Noreen Goldman, Theresa Andrasfay
Citation: Demographic Research, 47(9), 233-246
Date: 07/2022
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Geographic Trends in Opioid Overdoses in the US From 1999 to 2020
Results of a study examining trends in opioid-involved overdose death (OOD) rates in urban and rural counties. Explores OODs due to overprescription of opioids, use of heroin and illicit synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, and stimulants in combination with synthetic opioids. Features statistics with breakdowns by 6 levels of population density.
Author(s): Lori Ann Post, Alexander Lundberg, Charles B. Moss, et al.
Citation: JAMA Network Open, 5(7)
Date: 07/2022
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Results of a study examining trends in opioid-involved overdose death (OOD) rates in urban and rural counties. Explores OODs due to overprescription of opioids, use of heroin and illicit synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, and stimulants in combination with synthetic opioids. Features statistics with breakdowns by 6 levels of population density.
Author(s): Lori Ann Post, Alexander Lundberg, Charles B. Moss, et al.
Citation: JAMA Network Open, 5(7)
Date: 07/2022
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Urban–Rural Differences in Health Care Utilization and COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Examines associations of COVID-19 patients with type 2 diabetes by hospitalization outcomes and community type. Utilizes electronic health records (EHRs) from a Pennsylvania health system for COVID-19 outcomes such as death, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, ventilation, thromboembolism, and myocardial damage. Analyzes EHR data across township, borough, and city census tracts to understand relationships among rurality, socioeconomic deprivation, and COVID-19 outcomes.
Author(s): Annemarie G. Hirsch, Cara M. Nordberg, Karen Bandeen-Roche, et al.
Citation: Preventing Chronic Disease, 19
Date: 07/2022
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Examines associations of COVID-19 patients with type 2 diabetes by hospitalization outcomes and community type. Utilizes electronic health records (EHRs) from a Pennsylvania health system for COVID-19 outcomes such as death, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, ventilation, thromboembolism, and myocardial damage. Analyzes EHR data across township, borough, and city census tracts to understand relationships among rurality, socioeconomic deprivation, and COVID-19 outcomes.
Author(s): Annemarie G. Hirsch, Cara M. Nordberg, Karen Bandeen-Roche, et al.
Citation: Preventing Chronic Disease, 19
Date: 07/2022
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Urban–Rural Differences in Drug Overdose Death Rates, 2020
Examines 2020 drug overdose deaths by sex and type of drug, among other factors, with data broken down by rural versus urban county status. Includes a U.S. map that depicts if overall urban or rural counties in a state have a higher rate of age-adjusted overdose death.
Author(s): Merianne Rose Spencer, Matthew F. Garnett, Arialdi M. Miniño
Date: 07/2022
Sponsoring organization: National Center for Health Statistics
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Examines 2020 drug overdose deaths by sex and type of drug, among other factors, with data broken down by rural versus urban county status. Includes a U.S. map that depicts if overall urban or rural counties in a state have a higher rate of age-adjusted overdose death.
Author(s): Merianne Rose Spencer, Matthew F. Garnett, Arialdi M. Miniño
Date: 07/2022
Sponsoring organization: National Center for Health Statistics
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Wiping Away the Tears: Addressing Increasing Death in Rural America
Examines rural mortality trends and discusses the impact of the opioid epidemic and COVID-19 pandemic, as well as rural maternal and infant mortality. Describes federally-funded efforts to address rural disparities.
Author(s): Whitney Zahnd
Citation: Rural Monitor
Date: 07/2022
Sponsoring organization: Rural Health Information Hub
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Examines rural mortality trends and discusses the impact of the opioid epidemic and COVID-19 pandemic, as well as rural maternal and infant mortality. Describes federally-funded efforts to address rural disparities.
Author(s): Whitney Zahnd
Citation: Rural Monitor
Date: 07/2022
Sponsoring organization: Rural Health Information Hub
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Life Expectancy by County, Race, and Ethnicity in the USA, 2000–19: A Systematic Analysis of Health Disparities
Examines county-level racial health disparities over a 20-year period by isolating geography and race/ethnicity in mortality rates. Utilizes death registration data from the U.S. National Vital Statistics System as well as population data from the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. Includes U.S. maps that show county-level life expectancy by race/ethnicity and figures tracking state-by-state changes in life expectancy by race from 2000 to 2019. Free to download with registration.
Author(s): Laura Dwyer-Lindgren, Parkes Kendrick, Yekaterina O Kelly, et al.
Citation: The Lancet, 400(10345), 25-38
Date: 07/2022
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Examines county-level racial health disparities over a 20-year period by isolating geography and race/ethnicity in mortality rates. Utilizes death registration data from the U.S. National Vital Statistics System as well as population data from the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. Includes U.S. maps that show county-level life expectancy by race/ethnicity and figures tracking state-by-state changes in life expectancy by race from 2000 to 2019. Free to download with registration.
Author(s): Laura Dwyer-Lindgren, Parkes Kendrick, Yekaterina O Kelly, et al.
Citation: The Lancet, 400(10345), 25-38
Date: 07/2022
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Characteristics of Suicide Among Farmers and Ranchers: Using the CDC NVDRS 2003–2018
Explores the demographics, methods, and mental health statuses and histories associated with suicide mortality among farmers and ranchers. Breaks down data by age, gender, and rural versus urban location, among other factors, as well as suicide method, life stressors, mental health history, and others.
Author(s): Cristina D. M. Miller, Josie M. Rudolphi
Citation: American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 65(8), 675-689
Date: 06/2022
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Explores the demographics, methods, and mental health statuses and histories associated with suicide mortality among farmers and ranchers. Breaks down data by age, gender, and rural versus urban location, among other factors, as well as suicide method, life stressors, mental health history, and others.
Author(s): Cristina D. M. Miller, Josie M. Rudolphi
Citation: American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 65(8), 675-689
Date: 06/2022
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Rural Health in Connecticut A Comprehensive Review of Social Determinants, Community Resources, Health Outcomes, and Wellbeing
Documents the nature of public health for Connecticut's rural populations with a focus on trends, to understand how these populations are changing. Features chapters on social determinants of health, healthcare systems, health risks and behaviors, and health outcomes.
Author(s): Kelly Davila, Camille Seaberry
Date: 06/2022
Sponsoring organization: DataHaven
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Documents the nature of public health for Connecticut's rural populations with a focus on trends, to understand how these populations are changing. Features chapters on social determinants of health, healthcare systems, health risks and behaviors, and health outcomes.
Author(s): Kelly Davila, Camille Seaberry
Date: 06/2022
Sponsoring organization: DataHaven
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COVID-19 Effects on Pennsylvania Crime Trends: A Rural/Urban Comparison
Examines the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on murder and abuse in Pennsylvania, and identifies rural-urban differences in these outcomes before and during the pandemic. Features statistics on yearly homicide totals and protection orders, with breakdowns by rural counties, Philadelphia county, and other urban counties.
Additional links: Executive Summary
Author(s): David Yerger, Brandon Vick, Robert Orth, Charles Gartside
Date: 06/2022
Sponsoring organization: Center for Rural Pennsylvania
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Examines the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on murder and abuse in Pennsylvania, and identifies rural-urban differences in these outcomes before and during the pandemic. Features statistics on yearly homicide totals and protection orders, with breakdowns by rural counties, Philadelphia county, and other urban counties.
Additional links: Executive Summary
Author(s): David Yerger, Brandon Vick, Robert Orth, Charles Gartside
Date: 06/2022
Sponsoring organization: Center for Rural Pennsylvania
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