Skip to main content
Rural Health Information Hub

Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Emergency medical technicians and paramedics

The EMS and Community Paramedic Workforces Respond to COVID-19
Results of a study in which 17 key informant experts shared their perspectives on how the emergency medical services (EMS) and community paramedicine (CP) workforces responded to COVID-19 during the first year of the pandemic. Also describes how the pandemic has affected EMS and CP. Features statistics on participant characteristics, with breakdowns by rural and urban locations.
Author(s): Davis G. Patterson, Marieke S. van Eijk, Samantha W. Pollack, Benjamin A. Stubbs, Christopher Hanson
Date: 06/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Center for Health Workforce Studies
view details
2023 National Survey on MIH-CP Programs
Results of a February 2023 survey of approximately 400 emergency medical services (EMS) agencies nationwide that have launched mobile integrated healthcare and community paramedicine (MIH-CP) programs. Features statistics on nontraditional services offered, and programs by demographic region served, with breakdowns by 3 levels of population density.
Date: 05/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians
view details
Ambulance Deserts: Geographic Disparities in the Provision of Ambulance Services
Chartbook presenting data on ambulance deserts from 41 states in 2021-2022, and identifying places and people that are more than 25 minutes from an ambulance station. Include maps of ambulance desert locations and health care facility locations for every state with available data, and documents coverage gaps in the provision of ambulance services across geographic areas across the United States.
Author(s): Yvonne Jonk, Carly Milkowski, Zachariah Croll, Karen Pearson
Date: 05/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Maine Rural Health Research Center
view details
Can Community Paramedicine Improve Health Outcomes in Rural America?
Profiles three community paramedicine programs that serve rural communities in the Midwest, Maine, and Pennsylvania. Describes how community paramedicine can help fill gaps in care in rural communities and improve health outcomes. Identifies challenges to the growth of rural community paramedicine programs, including funding, payment, and workforce.
Author(s): Vida Foubister
Date: 03/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Commonwealth Fund
view details
Characteristics of California's EMT and Paramedic Workforce
Provides an overview of the emergency medical technician (EMT) and paramedic workforce in California, including trends, estimated size, geographic distribution, employment and demographic characteristics, educational pipeline, and more. Provides county-level maps of actively certified EMTS to population ratios, actively licensed paramedics to population ratios, and EMT and paramedic training programs.
Author(s): Tim Bates, Janet Coffman
Date: 02/2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Healthforce Center at UCSF
view details
Texas Emergency Medical Services Personnel, 2023
County-level breakdown of Emergency Medical Service (EMS) workforce in Texas. Includes number of EMS along with ratios to the population of each county.
Date: 2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Texas Health and Human Services
view details
Connecting Communities to Substance Use Services: Practical Approaches for First Responders
Discusses strategies for first responders in connecting people who use drugs to substance use services including training, developing partnerships, and examples of programs across the country. Chapter 4 covers rural-specific challenges.
Date: 2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
view details
Texas Emergency Medical Services Personnel, 2022
County-level breakdown of Emergency Medical Service (EMS) workforce in Texas. Includes number of EMS along with ratios to the population of each county.
Date: 2023
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Texas Health and Human Services
view details
Rural Public Health Workforce Training Network Program: 2022 Grantee Directory
Provides contact information and brief descriptions for the 32 rural health networks funded by the Rural Public Health Workforce Training Network (RPHWTN) program during the 2022-2025 grant period to expand rural public health capacity. Includes information by state and organization type as well as by program track for community health support, health IT and/or telehealth technical support, community paramedicine, and case management and/or respiratory therapy.
Date: 12/2022
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Federal Office of Rural Health Policy
view details
Access to Emergency Medical Services in Rural Communities: Policy Brief and Recommendations to the Secretary
Provides an overview of issues related to the provision of emergency medical services (EMS) in rural areas. Discusses rural EMS access, financing, and workforce challenges, as well as promising telehealth innovations. Outlines federal programs and resources that support EMS programs. Offers policy recommendations related to access to EMS, workforce, and reimbursement.
Date: 11/2022
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: National Advisory Committee on Rural Health and Human Services
view details