Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Income
Looking Back on the Origins of the NMTC New Markets Tax Credit Coalition
Provides an overview of The New Markets Tax Credit (NMTC) Coalition projects and investments from the 1980s to present day. Includes stories related to rural job creation and rural economic development.
Date: 07/2025
Sponsoring organization: The New Markets Tax Credit Coalition
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Provides an overview of The New Markets Tax Credit (NMTC) Coalition projects and investments from the 1980s to present day. Includes stories related to rural job creation and rural economic development.
Date: 07/2025
Sponsoring organization: The New Markets Tax Credit Coalition
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Worker Displacement in Appalachia: Using Detailed Industry and Firm Data to Link the Displaced Worker Supplement to Appalachia
Examines worker displacement and its impact in the Appalachian region of the United States. Includes a literature review as well as demographic, employment, and county-level characteristics and experiences of displaced workers. Provides comparisons of metro versus nonmetro areas and discusses health and well-being impacts of displacement.
Author(s): Erin Kenney, Teresa M. Lynch
Date: 06/2025
Sponsoring organization: Appalachian Regional Commission
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Examines worker displacement and its impact in the Appalachian region of the United States. Includes a literature review as well as demographic, employment, and county-level characteristics and experiences of displaced workers. Provides comparisons of metro versus nonmetro areas and discusses health and well-being impacts of displacement.
Author(s): Erin Kenney, Teresa M. Lynch
Date: 06/2025
Sponsoring organization: Appalachian Regional Commission
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The Appalachian Region: A Data Overview from the 2019-2023 American Community Survey Chartbook
State- and county-level information on population, age, household characteristics, housing occupancy, education, labor force, employment, transportation, income, health insurance coverage, disability, and veteran status, for the 13 Appalachian states. Features statistics with breakdowns by 5 levels of population density. Includes data explorer options for Appalachian categories such as population and age, education, income and poverty, computer and broadband access, rural Appalachia versus rural America, and employment and commuting.
Additional links: Full Report
Author(s): Sara Srygley, Nurfadila Khairunnisa, Diana Elliott
Date: 06/2025
Sponsoring organizations: Appalachian Regional Commission, Population Reference Bureau
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State- and county-level information on population, age, household characteristics, housing occupancy, education, labor force, employment, transportation, income, health insurance coverage, disability, and veteran status, for the 13 Appalachian states. Features statistics with breakdowns by 5 levels of population density. Includes data explorer options for Appalachian categories such as population and age, education, income and poverty, computer and broadband access, rural Appalachia versus rural America, and employment and commuting.
Additional links: Full Report
Author(s): Sara Srygley, Nurfadila Khairunnisa, Diana Elliott
Date: 06/2025
Sponsoring organizations: Appalachian Regional Commission, Population Reference Bureau
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Rural-Suburban-Urban Differences in Caregiving in the Northeast U.S. Region
Analyzes characteristics of caregiving experiences in the Northeast according to rural, suburban, or urban geography. Focuses on percentage of people who have provided caregiving, as well as their income, weekly care expenses, use of social safety net programs, desire to participate in the workforce, and demographic profile.
Author(s): Elena Pojman, Florence Becot
Date: 06/2025
Sponsoring organizations: North Central Regional Center for Rural Development, Northeast Regional Center for Rural Development, PennState
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Analyzes characteristics of caregiving experiences in the Northeast according to rural, suburban, or urban geography. Focuses on percentage of people who have provided caregiving, as well as their income, weekly care expenses, use of social safety net programs, desire to participate in the workforce, and demographic profile.
Author(s): Elena Pojman, Florence Becot
Date: 06/2025
Sponsoring organizations: North Central Regional Center for Rural Development, Northeast Regional Center for Rural Development, PennState
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Rural Health Disparities and Differences in Definitions of Rurality
Examines health disparities and differences in healthcare characteristics between rural and nonrural counties using data from the 2023 County Health Rankings and 2021-2022 Area Health Resources Files. Compares community health and healthcare characteristics by two county-level urban-rural classification systems: Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (RUCC) and Core Based Statistical Areas (CBSAs). Explores the degree to which four county-level classification systems - RUCC, CBSA, the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties, and Urban Influence Codes (UIC) - agree regarding which counties are designated as rural.
Date: 02/2025
Sponsoring organizations: HHS Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, NORC at the University of Chicago
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Examines health disparities and differences in healthcare characteristics between rural and nonrural counties using data from the 2023 County Health Rankings and 2021-2022 Area Health Resources Files. Compares community health and healthcare characteristics by two county-level urban-rural classification systems: Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (RUCC) and Core Based Statistical Areas (CBSAs). Explores the degree to which four county-level classification systems - RUCC, CBSA, the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties, and Urban Influence Codes (UIC) - agree regarding which counties are designated as rural.
Date: 02/2025
Sponsoring organizations: HHS Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, NORC at the University of Chicago
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Trends and Patterns of Job Quality in the United States
Studies job quality trends including wage levels, employer sponsored health insurance, and retirement benefits between 2000 and 2022 for workers in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. Also considers other factors such as race and ethnicity, sex, and industry.
Additional links: Report Summary
Author(s): Ephraim M. Nkonya, John Pender
Date: 01/2025
Sponsoring organization: USDA Economic Research Service
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Studies job quality trends including wage levels, employer sponsored health insurance, and retirement benefits between 2000 and 2022 for workers in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. Also considers other factors such as race and ethnicity, sex, and industry.
Additional links: Report Summary
Author(s): Ephraim M. Nkonya, John Pender
Date: 01/2025
Sponsoring organization: USDA Economic Research Service
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Number of Census Tracts Classified Low Income and Low Access to Foodstores Increased in U.S. Urban and Rural Areas from 2015 to 2019
Bar chart comparing number of rural and urban census tracts classified as either or both low-income and low foodstore access between 2015 and 2019. Discusses reasons for the changes over time.
Author(s): Alana Rhone, Clio Polanco Cercado
Date: 01/2025
Sponsoring organization: USDA Economic Research Service
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Bar chart comparing number of rural and urban census tracts classified as either or both low-income and low foodstore access between 2015 and 2019. Discusses reasons for the changes over time.
Author(s): Alana Rhone, Clio Polanco Cercado
Date: 01/2025
Sponsoring organization: USDA Economic Research Service
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Financial Stress Associated with Oncology Clinical Trial Participation
Examines accessibility issues and financial stress of 112 patients participating in an oncology clinical trial between 2018 and 2024. Includes demographic information, cancer type, miles traveled, and financial burden of participants, as well as commentary on access issues for those in rural areas.
Author(s): Allison Kolbe, Trinidad Beleche
Date: 01/2025
Sponsoring organization: HHS Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation
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Examines accessibility issues and financial stress of 112 patients participating in an oncology clinical trial between 2018 and 2024. Includes demographic information, cancer type, miles traveled, and financial burden of participants, as well as commentary on access issues for those in rural areas.
Author(s): Allison Kolbe, Trinidad Beleche
Date: 01/2025
Sponsoring organization: HHS Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation
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Projecting the Impact of the $2,000 Part D Out-Of-Pocket Cap for Medicare Part D Enrollees with High Prescription Drug Spending
Examines the impact of the Medicare Part D $2,000 cap on out-of-pocket prescription drugs. Provides projected savings according to low-income subsidy (LIS) status, state, and demographic characteristics, including urban, rural-micropolitan, rural-other, or unclassified geographic location.
Date: 01/2025
Sponsoring organization: HHS Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation
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Examines the impact of the Medicare Part D $2,000 cap on out-of-pocket prescription drugs. Provides projected savings according to low-income subsidy (LIS) status, state, and demographic characteristics, including urban, rural-micropolitan, rural-other, or unclassified geographic location.
Date: 01/2025
Sponsoring organization: HHS Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation
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The State of Rural Minnesota: 2025
Presents an overview of rural Minnesota. Includes interactive county-level data and statistics on population migration, economic vitality, employment, income, race/ethnicity, rural versus urban comparisons, and more.
Additional links: Webinar: Interconnected, Shifting Landscapes – Understanding Migration Patterns in Minnesota, Webinar: What's going on in Greater Minnesota? – State of Rural
Author(s): Kelly Asche, Marnie Werner
Date: 01/2025
Sponsoring organization: Center for Rural Policy and Development
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Presents an overview of rural Minnesota. Includes interactive county-level data and statistics on population migration, economic vitality, employment, income, race/ethnicity, rural versus urban comparisons, and more.
Additional links: Webinar: Interconnected, Shifting Landscapes – Understanding Migration Patterns in Minnesota, Webinar: What's going on in Greater Minnesota? – State of Rural
Author(s): Kelly Asche, Marnie Werner
Date: 01/2025
Sponsoring organization: Center for Rural Policy and Development
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