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Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Rural-urban differences

Factors Associated With Clinician Recommendations for Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Average-Risk Patients: Data From a National Survey
Examines if and when primary care clinicians (PCCs) and gastroenterologists (GIs) recommend colorectal cancer (CRC) screenings according to results from a 2019 online survey of 814 PCCs and 159 GIs. Discusses factors such as provider characteristics, number of patients, and practice location, including rural, suburban, or urban. Includes rural versus urban differences in routine CRC screening recommendation practices.
Author(s): Xuan Zhu, Emily Weiser, Debra J. Jacobson, et al.
Citation: Preventing Chronic Disease, 19
Date: 04/2022
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Utilization of Z Codes for Social Determinants of Health among a Sample of Medicare Advantage Enrollees, 2017 and 2019
Examines the use of Z codes for social determinants of health in a sample of Medicare Advantage (MA) enrollees from 2016 through 2019. Identifies the five most-used Z codes among MA enrollees, including the percent of enrollees and claims with these Z codes in 2017 and 2019. Presents data on the proportion of MA enrollees with Z code claims in 2017 and 2019 across demographic characteristics, including rurality, place of service, and provider type.
Date: 04/2022
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
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Agriculture and Local Food Economies in the Appalachian Region
Discusses Appalachia's food systems based on the United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) 2017 Census of Agriculture, highlighting the connection to economic and community development, environmental health and safety, and public health. Provides case studies of food banks that improve community access to food as well as produce prescription programs that help treat chronic diseases and promote community health.
Date: 04/2022
Sponsoring organization: Appalachian Regional Commission
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QuickStats: Rate of Deaths Attributed to Unintentional Injury from Fire or Flames, by Sex and Urban-Rural Status — National Vital Statistics System, United States, 2020
Bar chart showing the rate of deaths due to unintentional injury from fire or flames by sex for rural and urban areas.
Citation: MMWR (Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report), 71(14), 529
Date: 04/2022
Sponsoring organization: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Oversight: The Opioid Crisis in Tribal Communities
Recording of a U.S. House Natural Resources Committee, Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, hearing focused on the opioid crisis in tribal communities. Includes testimonies from representatives of the Cherokee Nation, the National Council of Urban Indian Health, the Border Patrol Council, and the Riverside-San Bernardino Indian Health.
Additional links: Art Del Cueto Testimony, Chuck Hoskin, Jr. Testimony, Maureen Rosette Testimony, Wayne Cortez Testimony, YouTube Recording
Date: 04/2022
Sponsoring organization: U.S. House of Representatives
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Disparity of Ovarian Cancer Survival Between Urban and Rural Settings
Explores disparities in survival rates of 111,627 epithelial ovarian cancer patients in rural, urban, and metropolitan areas of the United States, based on data from the 2004-2016 National Cancer Database (NCDB). Includes demographic information of patients such as age, race, distance to nearest hospital, and more, as well as tables showing survival rates based on geographic locations.
Author(s): Keely Krolikowski Ulmer, Breanna Greteman, Nicholas Cardillo, et al.
Citation: International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 32(4), 540-546
Date: 04/2022
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Changes in Hospitalizations and In-Hospital Deaths for Adults Aged 65 Years and Older in the Initial Period of the COVID-19 Pandemic (April-December 2020), 29 States
Presents data from 29 states on the number of all-cause hospitalizations and in-hospital deaths among adults aged 65 years old and over between April–December 2020 and compares this data to statistics from the same period in 2016-2019. Presents data by patient characteristics, including urban-rural status. Includes data on the percent of hospitalizations and deaths related to COVID-19 in 2020.
Author(s): Lawrence D. Reid, Pamela L. Owens
Date: 04/2022
Sponsoring organization: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
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Changes in Hospitalizations and In-Hospital Deaths for Adults Aged 18–64 Years in the Initial Period of the COVID-19 Pandemic (April-December 2020), 29 States
Presents data from 29 states on the number of all-cause hospitalizations and in-hospital deaths among adults aged 18-64 years old between April–December 2020 and compares this data to statistics from the same period in 2016-2019. Presents data by patient characteristics, including urban-rural status. Includes data on the percent of hospitalizations and deaths related to COVID-19 in 2020.
Author(s): Lawrence D. Reid, Zhengyi Fang
Date: 04/2022
Sponsoring organization: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
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Changes in Pediatric Hospitalizations and In-Hospital Deaths in the Initial Period of the COVID-19 Pandemic (April-December 2020), 29 States
Presents data from 29 states on the number of pediatric all-cause hospitalizations and in-hospital deaths between April–December 2020 and compares this data to statistics from the same period in 2016-2019. Presents data by patient characteristics, including urban-rural status. Includes data on the percent of pediatric hospitalizations and deaths related to COVID-19 in 2020.
Author(s): Lawrence D. Reid, Zhengyi Fang
Date: 04/2022
Sponsoring organization: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
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Changes in Hospitalizations and In-Hospital Deaths in the Initial Period of the COVID-19 Pandemic (April-December 2020), 29 States
Presents data from 29 states on the number of all-cause hospitalizations and in-hospital deaths between April–December 2020 and compares this data to statistics from the same period in 2016-2019. Presents data by patient characteristics, including urban-rural status. Includes data on the percent of hospitalizations and deaths related to COVID-19 in 2020.
Author(s): Lawrence D. Reid, Zhengyi Fang
Date: 04/2022
Sponsoring organization: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
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