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Resources by Topic: Health disparities

Engagement With Project ECHO to Increase Medication-Assisted Treatment in Rural Primary Care
Examines a study on the barriers and facilitators to implementing medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid use disorder between Project ECHO and rural primary care providers in New Mexico. Bases conclusions on post-ECHO intervention interviews with rural primary care providers and discusses external factors that could factor into the implementation of MAT.
Author(s): Julie Salvador, Snehal Bhatt, Rebecca Fowler, et al.
Citation: Psychiatric Services, 70(12), 1157-1160
Date: 12/2019
Type: Document
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Rural–Urban Disparities in Pregnancy Intentions, Births, and Abortions Among US Adolescent and Young Women, 1995–2017
Study examining disparities in intendedness and resolution of first pregnancies among rural and urban adolescent and young women using 2002-2017 data from the National Survey of Family Growth. Breaks down data by race/ethnicity, by urban, rural, and suburban residence, and by state. Discusses public health implications of the findings.
Author(s): April Sutton, Daniel T. Lichter, Sharon Sassler
Citation: American Journal of Public Health, 109(12), 1762-1769
Date: 12/2019
Type: Document
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Challenges of Using Nationally Representative, Population-Based Surveys to Assess Rural Cancer Disparities
Examines research methods in studies of rural cancer-related health behaviors and disparities, exploring the definition of "rural" in population-based national surveys, complications for rural cancer studies, and possible solutions to improve survey accuracy. Discusses prominent data sources, including the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), the Medical Expenditures Panel Survey (MEPS), and the National Cancer Institute's Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), and examines use of these data sources in 68 published studies.
Author(s): Whitney E. Zahnd, Natoshia Askelson, Robin C. Vanderpool, et al.
Citation: Preventative Medicine, 129 Supplement, 105812
Date: 12/2019
Type: Document
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Rural Physical Activity Interventions in the United States: A Systematic Review and RE-AIM Evaluation
Using the Reach, Efficacy, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework, examines the validity and design of rural physical activity intervention studies. Analyzes 40 reports that represent 29 studies of intervention programs. Discusses role of research in developing understandings of rurality, health, and behavior and the role of physical activity programs in addressing health disparities.
Author(s): Nishat Bhuiyan, Pritika Singh, Samantha M. Harden, Scherezade K. Mama
Citation: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16, 140
Date: 12/2019
Type: Document
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An Analysis of Utah's Emergency Department Non-traumatic Dental Visits 2007-2017
Report explores the non-traumatic oral healthcare visits handled by emergency departments in Utah from 2007 to 2017. Looks at data by rural and urban hospital location, diagnosis, and payers, among other measures.
Author(s): Michelle Martin, Michelle Silver, Brittney Okada, et al.
Date: 12/2019
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Utah Department of Health and Human Services
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Congestive Heart Failure-Related Hospital Deaths Across the Urban-Rural Continuum in the United States
Examines current trends in congestive heart failure (CHF)-related hospital deaths with an emphasis on rural-urban differences for each census region. 2009-2014 data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) was used, focusing on adult hospital admissions with CHF identified as the principal diagnosis. Results from this study may aid in identifying geographic areas needing interventions to improve access to care and to reduce CHF mortality.
Author(s): Kristin Primm, Alva O. Ferdinand, Timothy Callaghan, et al.
Citation: Preventive Medicine Reports, 16
Date: 12/2019
Type: Document
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Achieving Health Equity in Preventive Services: Evidence Summary
Summarizes research on achieving health equity in preventive services including screening, counseling, medication, and management for cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes in adult patients by identifying the effects of impediments and barriers that create disparities, and the effectiveness of strategies and interventions to reduce them. Study reports barriers that resulted in or explained a disparity in preventive service, and the effectiveness of the clinician-patient relationship, health information technology, and health system intervention. Studies included African American, Hispanic, Korean and Chinese American, and rural and low-income patients.
Additional links: Full Report
Date: 12/2019
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
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A Health Equity Approach to Obesity Efforts: Proceedings of a Workshop
Proceedings of a workshop focused on health equity in demographic groups with a higher risk of obesity and how to address those issues in obesity treatment and prevention efforts. Covers disparities in obesity prevalence, including for rural areas and American Indian/Alaska Natives, social determinants of health, community and public health approaches for preventing and treating obesity, and effective healthcare interventions.
Additional links: Read Online: Full Proceedings, Read Online: Summary, June 2019
Author(s): Roundtable on Obesity Solutions
Date: 12/2019
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Health and Medicine Division (HMD), National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
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Declines In Pediatric Mortality Fall Short For Rural US Children
Examines pediatric mortality rates from 1999-2017 and related factors of race/ethnicity and rurality. Provides data according to age, race/ethnicity, cause-specific mortality, and rural versus urban county.
Author(s): Janice Probst, Whitney Zahnd, Charity Breneman
Citation: Health Affairs, 38, 12
Date: 11/2019
Type: Document
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It's Time to Connect Rural Health Equity with Community and Economic Development
Discusses research on the relationship of health equity with rural and economic development. Presents resources demonstrating innovative projects to help people in rural communities live healthy lives.
Author(s): Katharine Ferguson, Katrina Badger
Date: 11/2019
Type: Document
Sponsoring organization: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
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