Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Rural-urban differences
Social Determinants of Health and 90‐Day Mortality After Hospitalization for Heart Failure in the REGARDS Study
Uses data from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study to examine associations between social determinants of health (SDOH) and risk of 90-day mortality after heart failure (HF) hospitalization among Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years or older. Some of the SDOH considered include African American race, social isolation, rural residence, living in a high poverty ZIP code or Health Professional Shortage Area (HPSA), and more.
Author(s): Madeline R. Sterling, Joanna Bryan Ringel, Laura C. Pinheiro, et al.
Citation: Journal of the American Heart Association, 9(9)
Date: 04/2020
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Uses data from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study to examine associations between social determinants of health (SDOH) and risk of 90-day mortality after heart failure (HF) hospitalization among Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years or older. Some of the SDOH considered include African American race, social isolation, rural residence, living in a high poverty ZIP code or Health Professional Shortage Area (HPSA), and more.
Author(s): Madeline R. Sterling, Joanna Bryan Ringel, Laura C. Pinheiro, et al.
Citation: Journal of the American Heart Association, 9(9)
Date: 04/2020
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Confronting Rural America's Health Care Crisis
Offers policy recommendations to stabilize the rural healthcare infrastructure and ensuring local access to care. Discusses strategies to provide financial relief to rural providers, preserve obstetric services, expand telehealth services, and address workforce shortages. Includes brief references to policy actions taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Additional links: Rural Hospital Transformation Models, Summary, The Case for Expanding Telehealth Services, July 2020
Date: 04/2020
Sponsoring organization: Bipartisan Policy Center
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Offers policy recommendations to stabilize the rural healthcare infrastructure and ensuring local access to care. Discusses strategies to provide financial relief to rural providers, preserve obstetric services, expand telehealth services, and address workforce shortages. Includes brief references to policy actions taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Additional links: Rural Hospital Transformation Models, Summary, The Case for Expanding Telehealth Services, July 2020
Date: 04/2020
Sponsoring organization: Bipartisan Policy Center
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Patterns of Hospital Bypass and Inpatient Care‐Seeking by Rural Residents
Analyzes state inpatient data from 2014-2016 across 16 states to determine how inpatient hospital bypass behavior – rural residents utilizing a hospital other than their local hospital – is motivated by patient and hospital characteristics. Compares hospital characteristics, including Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs), by rural bypass level and compares patient demographics by rural bypass status.
Author(s): Tyler Malone, Mark Holmes
Date: 04/2020
Sponsoring organization: North Carolina Rural Health Research Program
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Analyzes state inpatient data from 2014-2016 across 16 states to determine how inpatient hospital bypass behavior – rural residents utilizing a hospital other than their local hospital – is motivated by patient and hospital characteristics. Compares hospital characteristics, including Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs), by rural bypass level and compares patient demographics by rural bypass status.
Author(s): Tyler Malone, Mark Holmes
Date: 04/2020
Sponsoring organization: North Carolina Rural Health Research Program
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Community Health Centers in a Time of Change: Results from an Annual Survey
Summarizes results from the Kaiser Family Foundation/Geiger Gibson 2019 Community Health Center Survey. Explores trends in patient health coverage, healthcare affordability, and health center revenue; social determinants of health; potential implications of Medicaid work requirements; participation in the Title X program; and other challenges facing health centers. Includes rural references throughout. Presents survey response data by urban and rural status in Appendix A.
Author(s): Jessica Sharac, Anne Markus, Jennifer Tolbert, Sara Rosenbaum
Date: 04/2020
Sponsoring organization: KFF
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Summarizes results from the Kaiser Family Foundation/Geiger Gibson 2019 Community Health Center Survey. Explores trends in patient health coverage, healthcare affordability, and health center revenue; social determinants of health; potential implications of Medicaid work requirements; participation in the Title X program; and other challenges facing health centers. Includes rural references throughout. Presents survey response data by urban and rural status in Appendix A.
Author(s): Jessica Sharac, Anne Markus, Jennifer Tolbert, Sara Rosenbaum
Date: 04/2020
Sponsoring organization: KFF
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Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Estimates Among Adolescents in the Mississippi Delta Region: National Immunization Survey‑Teen, 2015–2017
Examines HPV vaccination data for adolescents aged 13 to 17 years from the National Immunization Survey-Teen, 2015-2017. Compares HPV vaccination coverage estimates in rural and urban areas of the Delta Regional Authority (DRA) region with estimates in areas of the Delta states outside the DRA region and non-Delta states. Discusses reasons why parents do not intend to vaccinate adolescents.
Author(s): David Yankey, Laurie D. Elam-Evans, Connie L. Bish, Shannon K. Stokley
Citation: Preventing Chronic Disease, 17
Date: 04/2020
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Examines HPV vaccination data for adolescents aged 13 to 17 years from the National Immunization Survey-Teen, 2015-2017. Compares HPV vaccination coverage estimates in rural and urban areas of the Delta Regional Authority (DRA) region with estimates in areas of the Delta states outside the DRA region and non-Delta states. Discusses reasons why parents do not intend to vaccinate adolescents.
Author(s): David Yankey, Laurie D. Elam-Evans, Connie L. Bish, Shannon K. Stokley
Citation: Preventing Chronic Disease, 17
Date: 04/2020
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Rural Hospital Participation in Medicare Accountable Care Organizations
Report explores the rates of rural hospital participation in Medicare Shared Savings Program (SSP) Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs). Details some of the factors that correspond to participation and compares rates by region and by rural status.
Date: 04/2020
Sponsoring organization: RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis
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Report explores the rates of rural hospital participation in Medicare Shared Savings Program (SSP) Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs). Details some of the factors that correspond to participation and compares rates by region and by rural status.
Date: 04/2020
Sponsoring organization: RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis
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Geographic Variation in the 2018 Profitability of Urban and Rural Hospitals
Compares the profitability of Critical Access Hospitals, other rural hospitals, and urban hospitals in 2018 by census region, census division, and state. Examines the reasons for geographic variation in the profitability of urban and rural hospitals.
Additional links: 2016‐18 Profitability of Urban and Rural Hospitals by Medicare Payment Classification, Rural Hospitals with Long‐Term Unprofitability, Understanding the Broader Context of Rural Hospitals and Profitability
Author(s): Andrew W. Maxwell, Ann Howard, George H. Pink
Date: 04/2020
Sponsoring organization: North Carolina Rural Health Research Program
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Compares the profitability of Critical Access Hospitals, other rural hospitals, and urban hospitals in 2018 by census region, census division, and state. Examines the reasons for geographic variation in the profitability of urban and rural hospitals.
Additional links: 2016‐18 Profitability of Urban and Rural Hospitals by Medicare Payment Classification, Rural Hospitals with Long‐Term Unprofitability, Understanding the Broader Context of Rural Hospitals and Profitability
Author(s): Andrew W. Maxwell, Ann Howard, George H. Pink
Date: 04/2020
Sponsoring organization: North Carolina Rural Health Research Program
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Hospital Inpatient Stays Related to Opioid Use Disorder and Endocarditis, 2016
Examines inpatient stays for adults 18 years and older related to opioid use disorder (OUD) and endocarditis, stays related to OUD but not endocarditis, and stays related to endocarditis but not OUD. Includes data by patient location for metropolitan, rural adjacent to metro, and rural remote areas.
Author(s): Audrey J. Weiss, Kevin C. Heslin, Carol Stocks, Pamela L. Owens
Date: 04/2020
Sponsoring organization: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
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Examines inpatient stays for adults 18 years and older related to opioid use disorder (OUD) and endocarditis, stays related to OUD but not endocarditis, and stays related to endocarditis but not OUD. Includes data by patient location for metropolitan, rural adjacent to metro, and rural remote areas.
Author(s): Audrey J. Weiss, Kevin C. Heslin, Carol Stocks, Pamela L. Owens
Date: 04/2020
Sponsoring organization: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
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The Opioid Crisis and Community-Level Spillovers onto Children's Education
Presents a study on the link between the opioid epidemic and children's educational outcomes. Evaluates community-level resources for handling the opioid crisis and how that correlates with educational outcomes, specifically in rural areas.
Author(s): Rajeev Darolia, John Tyler
Date: 04/2020
Sponsoring organizations: Brookings Institution, Brown Center on Education Policy
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Presents a study on the link between the opioid epidemic and children's educational outcomes. Evaluates community-level resources for handling the opioid crisis and how that correlates with educational outcomes, specifically in rural areas.
Author(s): Rajeev Darolia, John Tyler
Date: 04/2020
Sponsoring organizations: Brookings Institution, Brown Center on Education Policy
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Increase in Suicide Mortality in the United States, 1999–2018
Reports on changes in suicide rates in the U.S. from 1999 through 2018. Includes 2018 age-adjusted suicide rates for men and women by county of residence for urban and rural counties.
Author(s): Holly Hedegaard, Sally C. Curtin, Margaret Warner
Date: 04/2020
Sponsoring organization: National Center for Health Statistics
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Reports on changes in suicide rates in the U.S. from 1999 through 2018. Includes 2018 age-adjusted suicide rates for men and women by county of residence for urban and rural counties.
Author(s): Holly Hedegaard, Sally C. Curtin, Margaret Warner
Date: 04/2020
Sponsoring organization: National Center for Health Statistics
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