Rural Health
Resources by Topic: Rural-urban differences
The Relationship Between the Population Experiencing Homelessness and Living in Shelters and Poverty
Presents as paper exploring the U.S. Census data related to poverty for the housed and unhoused population. Discusses how these groups compare to one another. Breaks down data by rural, urban, and national rates.
Author(s): Brian Glassman
Date: 07/2025
Sponsoring organization: U.S. Census Bureau
view details
Presents as paper exploring the U.S. Census data related to poverty for the housed and unhoused population. Discusses how these groups compare to one another. Breaks down data by rural, urban, and national rates.
Author(s): Brian Glassman
Date: 07/2025
Sponsoring organization: U.S. Census Bureau
view details
Sustainability of the Growth of the Local Public Health Workforce During the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2019–2022
Examines changes in the local health department (LHD) workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic, utilizing 2019-2022 NACCHO National Profile of Local Health Departments data. Breaks down LHD workforce composition and size data by LHD jurisdiction size and rurality.
Author(s): Krishna Patel, Timothy C. McCall, Margaret Cunningham, et al.
Citation: American Journal of Public Health, 115, 1271-1277
Date: 07/2025
view details
Examines changes in the local health department (LHD) workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic, utilizing 2019-2022 NACCHO National Profile of Local Health Departments data. Breaks down LHD workforce composition and size data by LHD jurisdiction size and rurality.
Author(s): Krishna Patel, Timothy C. McCall, Margaret Cunningham, et al.
Citation: American Journal of Public Health, 115, 1271-1277
Date: 07/2025
view details
Obstetric Care Access Declined in Rural and Urban Hospitals Across US States, 2010–22
Examines the number and proportion of hospitals located in rural and urban counties in each state that lost hospital-based obstetric services between 2010 and 2022. Describes the proportion of hospitals without obstetric services for any reason by 2022.
Author(s): Katy Backes Kozhimannil, Julia D. Interrante, Caitlin Carroll, et al.
Citation: Health Affairs, 44(7), 806-811
Date: 07/2025
view details
Examines the number and proportion of hospitals located in rural and urban counties in each state that lost hospital-based obstetric services between 2010 and 2022. Describes the proportion of hospitals without obstetric services for any reason by 2022.
Author(s): Katy Backes Kozhimannil, Julia D. Interrante, Caitlin Carroll, et al.
Citation: Health Affairs, 44(7), 806-811
Date: 07/2025
view details
Midwesterners' Beliefs about Genetic Testing: Variability Across Ethnic Groups and Metro Vs. Nonmetro Residents
Examines perceptions about genetic testing among Midwesterners. Provides metro versus nonmetro types of and reasons for genetic testing. Includes demographic breakdowns about beliefs surrounding genetic testing confidentiality and ethics.
Author(s): Adee Athiyaman
Date: 07/2025
Sponsoring organization: Illinois Institute for Rural Affairs
view details
Examines perceptions about genetic testing among Midwesterners. Provides metro versus nonmetro types of and reasons for genetic testing. Includes demographic breakdowns about beliefs surrounding genetic testing confidentiality and ethics.
Author(s): Adee Athiyaman
Date: 07/2025
Sponsoring organization: Illinois Institute for Rural Affairs
view details
Illinoisans' Perceptions about Physicians' Pay
Examines perceptions of health worker pay and payments to healthcare businesses in metro versus nonmetro Illinois populations.
Author(s): Adee Athiyaman
Date: 07/2025
Sponsoring organization: Illinois Institute for Rural Affairs
view details
Examines perceptions of health worker pay and payments to healthcare businesses in metro versus nonmetro Illinois populations.
Author(s): Adee Athiyaman
Date: 07/2025
Sponsoring organization: Illinois Institute for Rural Affairs
view details
Appalachian Diseases of Despair: Final Report
Analyzes the impact of diseases of despair on mortality within Appalachia, focusing on mortality from alcohol, prescription drug, and illegal drug overdose; suicide; and alcoholic liver disease/cirrhosis of the liver. Includes data through 2023, with demographics and breakdowns by subregion, county economic status, and levels of rurality.
Date: 07/2025
Sponsoring organizations: Appalachian Regional Commission, East Tennessee State University Center for Rural Health Research, NORC Walsh Center for Rural Health Analysis
view details
Analyzes the impact of diseases of despair on mortality within Appalachia, focusing on mortality from alcohol, prescription drug, and illegal drug overdose; suicide; and alcoholic liver disease/cirrhosis of the liver. Includes data through 2023, with demographics and breakdowns by subregion, county economic status, and levels of rurality.
Date: 07/2025
Sponsoring organizations: Appalachian Regional Commission, East Tennessee State University Center for Rural Health Research, NORC Walsh Center for Rural Health Analysis
view details
2024 Forces of Change Survey
Presents results from a 2024 survey of 667 local health departments (LHDs). Provides data on LHD staffing and budgets, governance, fellowship and training programs, public health nursing, evaluation capacity, and harm reduction activities. Includes data comparisons between rural and urban LHDs, and LHDs serving small, medium, and large populations.
Author(s): Krishna Patel, Gwen Davis, Kellie Perkins, Timothy C. McCall
Date: 07/2025
Sponsoring organization: National Association of County and City Health Officials
view details
Presents results from a 2024 survey of 667 local health departments (LHDs). Provides data on LHD staffing and budgets, governance, fellowship and training programs, public health nursing, evaluation capacity, and harm reduction activities. Includes data comparisons between rural and urban LHDs, and LHDs serving small, medium, and large populations.
Author(s): Krishna Patel, Gwen Davis, Kellie Perkins, Timothy C. McCall
Date: 07/2025
Sponsoring organization: National Association of County and City Health Officials
view details
Palliative Care and Caregiving in the Midwest, Metro and Nonmetro Geographies: Insights from HINTS 2024
Examines characteristics of palliative caregiving in the Midwest. Utilizes 2024 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) data to provide metro versus nonmetro breakdowns on the health of caregivers, knowledge about and perspectives on palliative care, person being cared for, and more.
Author(s): Adee Athiyaman
Date: 07/2025
Sponsoring organization: Illinois Institute for Rural Affairs
view details
Examines characteristics of palliative caregiving in the Midwest. Utilizes 2024 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) data to provide metro versus nonmetro breakdowns on the health of caregivers, knowledge about and perspectives on palliative care, person being cared for, and more.
Author(s): Adee Athiyaman
Date: 07/2025
Sponsoring organization: Illinois Institute for Rural Affairs
view details
Evaluating the Implementation of Maternal Safety Bundles for Obstetric Hemorrhage and Severe Hypertension During Pregnancy in Arkansas
Examines the impact of maternal safety bundles to improve outcomes for patients with obstetric hemorrhage and maternal hypertension. Analyzes safety bundle implementation in 37 Arkansas hospitals, with breakdowns according to hospital characteristics such as hospital size and type, number of beds, number of maternal healthcare professionals, rural versus urban region, and more.
Author(s): Cheng Peng, Mahip Acharya, Batool Khattab, et al.
Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 25, 793
Date: 07/2025
view details
Examines the impact of maternal safety bundles to improve outcomes for patients with obstetric hemorrhage and maternal hypertension. Analyzes safety bundle implementation in 37 Arkansas hospitals, with breakdowns according to hospital characteristics such as hospital size and type, number of beds, number of maternal healthcare professionals, rural versus urban region, and more.
Author(s): Cheng Peng, Mahip Acharya, Batool Khattab, et al.
Citation: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 25, 793
Date: 07/2025
view details
Emergency Department Visits among Rural and Urban Older Adults: Disparities in Ambulatory and Emergency Care Sensitive Conditions
Compares emergency department (ED) utilization for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs) and emergency care sensitive conditions (ECSCs) among rural and urban Medicare beneficiaries. Presents findings from a pooled cross-sectional analysis of 2016–2020 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey data.
Author(s): Cameron J. Gettel, Courtney Kitchen, Craig Rothenberg, et al.
Citation: BMC Health Services Research, 25, 275
Date: 07/2025
view details
Compares emergency department (ED) utilization for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs) and emergency care sensitive conditions (ECSCs) among rural and urban Medicare beneficiaries. Presents findings from a pooled cross-sectional analysis of 2016–2020 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey data.
Author(s): Cameron J. Gettel, Courtney Kitchen, Craig Rothenberg, et al.
Citation: BMC Health Services Research, 25, 275
Date: 07/2025
view details