Drug Courts for SUD Treatment Programs
Drug courts offer a specialized court-based alternative to traditional incarceration for individuals with a substance use disorder (SUD) who have committed a crime. Drug courts provide close supervision to offenders with SUD, require drug testing and treatment, and levy consequences for failed drug tests or other non-compliance issues. Drug courts often specialize in certain populations like juveniles and families. Some drug courts deal with specific substances or offenses, such as driving under the influence. There is strong evidence that drug courts reduce drug use and reduce drug-related recidivism in adults.
Family treatment courts (FTCs) are court-supervised programs that aim to help families where parental substance use has led to child abuse or neglect. The goals of FTCs are to promote child safety and ensure a permanent caregiving environment. These programs include intense juvenile monitoring, counseling, and mental health and substance use treatment. There is strong evidence that FTCs effectively help manage SUD by increasing access to treatment and family reunification.
Examples of Rural Drug Court Programs
- Albany County, Wyoming has implemented the Albany County Supervised Treatment Program (ACCSTP), an alternative to incarceration. The goals of this court-supervised program are to reduce recidivism and substance use among rural community members through evidence-based SUD support and services. ACCTSP offers screenings, assessments, case management, recovery support, and program coordination to both juveniles and adults, with a strong emphasis on individuals experiencing economic hardship or persistent poverty. This program aims to improve the quality and availability of treatment to address unmet needs and emerging trends.
- The Accountability Courts in Dawson County, Georgia offer alternatives to incarceration for individuals whose criminal activity is directly related to substance use or mental health challenges. This program aims to hold individuals accountable while promoting behavior change, providing treatment and resources, and reducing recidivism. Probation officers can refer participants as directed by the sentencing judge through several tracks: family treatment court, drug court, and driving under the influence (DUI) court. The program offers services such as group and individual counseling, peer support, housing assistance, and other community resources.
Considerations for Implementation
Implementing drug court programs in rural communities may require tailored approaches to address specific challenges. Common barriers to implementation include:
- Limited availability to the full continuum of treatment services
- Lack of access to wraparound services and community resources for drug court participants
- Lack of substance-free housing for people in recovery
- Lack of reliable or limited transportation options to treatment facilities
- Ensuring the provision of proper training for drug court staff
- Maintaining confidentiality of drug participants in treatment
- Providing drug testing at a reasonable cost that adheres to evidence-based practices
While rural drug courts may operate with fewer resources compared to those in urban areas, they can benefit from close working relationships within their communities. Strong partnerships between law enforcement, such as the local sheriff's office, and the courts, including prosecution attorneys, public defenders, and judges, are essential for the success of rural drug courts. Gaining community support can also enhance participation and ensure the long-term sustainability of rural drug court programs. Sharing success stories through local news outlets can highlight a program's impact and encourage public backing from the broader community and families affected by SUD. Drug courts should prioritize tailoring programs and requirements to align with the unique needs and strengths of the community, ensuring a more effective and relevant approach to substance use treatment and recovery.